ANKLE CLONUS Meaning and
Definition
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Ankle clonus is a neurological condition characterized by repetitive and involuntary rhythmic contractions or jerking movements of the muscles in the ankle joint. It is considered an abnormal reflex that occurs when the foot is dorsiflexed, moved upwards, or when pressure is applied to the sole of the foot.
These involuntary muscle contractions are caused by a disruption in the balance of nerve signals from the brain and spinal cord, which control the coordination and movement of the muscles in the ankle. Typically, ankle clonus is associated with certain neurological disorders or conditions such as multiple sclerosis, stroke, spinal cord injury, or traumatic brain injury.
The clonus typically presents as a series of quick, repetitive jerking movements of the foot, often after a sudden stretch or movement of the ankle joint. This rhythmic jerking may continue for several seconds before gradually decreasing in intensity. In severe cases, ankle clonus may cause sustained, uncontrollable shaking of the foot.
Diagnosis of ankle clonus may involve a physical examination, evaluation of the patient's medical history, and neurological tests to assess muscle tone, reflexes, and coordination. Treatment for ankle clonus aims to address the underlying cause of the condition and manage its symptoms. This may include medications to control muscle spasms, physical therapy to improve muscle strength and coordination, and assistive devices to enhance mobility.
Etymology of ANKLE CLONUS
The term "ankle clonus" is derived from two sources: "ankle" and "clonus".
The word "ankle" comes from the Old English word "ancleow", which further traces back to the Old Norse word "ökla" meaning "bend of the arm or leg". Eventually, the term evolved to refer specifically to the joint connecting the foot and leg.
The word "clonus", on the other hand, has Greek origins. It originates from the Greek word "klōn", which means "violent motion" or "act of striking". In medical terminology, "clonus" refers to a rhythmic oscillation or repetitive muscular contraction and relaxation.
When combined, "ankle clonus" thus describes a medical condition characterized by involuntary and rhythmic contractions of the muscles in the ankle joint.
